１２課

尊敬語 (Sonkeigo), or honorific language, is used in Japanese to elevate the actions or status of someone of higher standing, such as a boss, teacher, client, or elder.

謙譲語 (kenjougo), or humble language, is used to show humility when speaking about one's own actions or the actions of one’s group (e.g., company, family) when interacting with someone of higher status.

In 謙譲語2, or extra-humble language, specific phrases are used to demonstrate extreme respect and humility in formal and professional contexts.

丁寧語 (teineigo), or polite language, is used to ensure a baseline level of politeness and respect in most everyday interactions.